蓝舌病毒释放机制的研究进展

Advances in the release mechanisms of bluetongue virus

摘要:

蓝舌病毒 (Bluetongue virus，BTV) 作为由媒介昆虫库蠓传播的引起反刍动物蓝舌病 (Bluetongue，BT) 的病原微生物，同时也是研究无囊膜病毒 (Non-enveloped virus) 释放机制的经典模型。文中以BTV侵染细胞及组装为始，对BTV诱导细胞自噬并通过多囊泡体以细胞外囊泡形式释放、BTV诱导细胞凋亡而裂解释放、BTV从质膜出芽释放的不同途径以及BTV关键非结构蛋白NS3在调控BTV释放过程中作用机制的研究进展进行综述，为进一步了解BTV感染、增殖、释放的分子机制提供参考。

Abstract:

Bluetongue virus (BTV) causes Bluetongue (BT) of ruminants vectored by culicoides midges. It is also a classic model for studying the release mechanism of non-enveloped virus. This review begins with the infection and assembly of BTV, then summarizes the advances of different ways of releasing BTV. This includes BTV-induced autophagy and the release as extracellular vesicles via multivesicular bodies, BTV-induced apoptosis and the lytic release, as well as different pathways of release through budding via plasma membrane. The regulatory mechanisms of NS3 which is a key non-structural protein during the release of BTV are also discussed, providing a basis for further understanding the molecular mechanisms underpinning the infection, proliferation and release of BTV.