油菜素内酯调控作物农艺性状和非生物胁迫响应的研究进展

Regulation of crop agronomic traits and abiotic stress responses by brassinosteroids: a review

摘要:

植物对不利环境的适应依赖于将外部胁迫信号传递到内部信号通路中，在进化过程中形成一系列的胁迫响应机制。其中，油菜素内酯(brassinosteroids, BRs) 是一种类固醇激素，广泛参与植物生长发育和逆境响应过程。BRs被包括受体BRI1和共受体BAK1在内的细胞表面受体感知，继而触发信号级联，导致蛋白激酶BIN2的抑制和转录因子BES1/BZR1的激活，BES1/BZR1可直接调控数千个下游响应基因的表达。在模式植物拟南芥中的研究表明，BR的生物合成和信号转导通路成员，特别是BIN2和其下游的转录因子BES1/BZR1，可以被各种环境因子广泛地调节。本文系统总结了BR相关的最新研究进展，对BR的生物合成和信号转导是如何被复杂的环境因子所调节，以及BR与环境因子如何协同调控作物重要农艺性状、冷胁迫和盐胁迫的响应进行了综述。

Abstract:

Plant adaptation to adverse environment depends on transmitting the external stress signals into internal signaling pathways, and thus forming a variety of stress response mechanisms during evolution. Brassinosteroids (BRs) is a steroid hormone and widely involved in plant growth, development and stress response. BR is perceived by cell surface receptors, including the receptor brassinosteroid-insensitive 1 (BRI1) and the co-receptor BRI1-associated-kinase 1 (BAK1), which in turn trigger a signaling cascade that leads to the inhibition of BIN2 and activation of BES1/BZR1 transcription factors. BES1/BZR1 can directly regulate the expression of thousands of downstream responsive genes. Studies in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana have shown that members of BR biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways, particularly protein kinase BIN2 and its downstream transcription factors BES1/BZR1, can be extensively regulated by a variety of environmental factors. In this paper, we summarize recent progresses on how BR biosynthesis and signal transduction are regulated by complex environmental factors, as well as how BR and environmental factors co-regulate crop agronomic traits, cold and salt stress responses.