好氧甲烷氧化菌及其工程应用进展

Engineering application of aerobic methane oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs):a review

摘要:

好氧甲烷氧化菌能以甲烷作为碳源和能源,对全球甲烷消除的贡献率高达10%-20%,还能有效地合成有价值的甲烷来源生物产品。文中介绍了好氧甲烷氧化菌的甲烷氧化代谢机理,总结了好氧甲烷氧化菌在填埋场甲烷减排、煤矿通风气治理、合成生物产品、油气藏勘探等领域的实际应用功效和研究热点,即污染物去除和产品合成效率的影响因素。基于对甲烷氧化菌规模化培养方法的研究,本文认为加强培养过程中代谢产物对甲烷氧化菌活性和种群结构影响的研究,以及开发经济高效的替代培养基和培养技术的研究将有利于好氧甲烷氧化菌生物技术的应用推广。

Abstract:

Aerobic methane oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs) can use methane as carbon source and energy source,eliminating 10%-20% of global methane.Methanotrophs can also effectively synthesize valuable methane-derived products.This article introduced the methane oxidizing mechanism of methanotrophs,and summarized the practical application and research hotspots of methanotrophs in the field of methane emission reduction in the landfill,ventilation air methane mitigation in coal mines,valuable chemicals biosynthesis,as well as oil and gas reservoir exploration.Main factors influencing the pollutant removal and the biosynthesis efficiency in various applications were also discussed.Based on the study of large-scale cultivation of methanotrophs,some measures to benefit the application and promotion of aerobic methane oxidizing biotechnology were proposed.This includes investigating the effect of intermediate metabolites on methanotrophs activity and population structure,and exploiting economical and efficient alternative culture media and culture techniques.