多方位教学模式在植物生物学及实验教学中的探索

Exploration of multi-faceted model in plant biology teaching

摘要:

植物生物学是生物科学专业的专业基础课程。在发育生物学思想的指导下我们已构建了全面、系统、动态的植物生物学新教学体系。针对目前课程教学模式中存在的实体课堂教学模式单一、传授式教学学生听课不认真，理论课和实验课在内容和时间上的不匹配，野外实习时间短、认识植物片面、难以学以致用等问题，作者进行了教学模式改革和实践，提出了适合生物科学专业的教学新策略：实体课堂讲授与精品慕课（massive open online courses，MOOC）相结合，增加翻转课堂；理论课与实验课相结合，边讲边看；利用校园和植物园分别在早春、初夏和夏秋进行多次植物认知实习，野外实习中关注不同生境下的植物类型及其适应环境的特点。经两轮的教学实践表明，改革后在理论教学中提高了学生的学习兴趣，在实验教学中加强了能力训练，在认知实习中让学生对植物有了全面认识。该教学模式满足了素质教育的要求，进一步提高了植物生物学教学的质量，为学生后续学习其他基础课程和专业课程奠定基础。

Abstract:

Plant biology is a basic course for students majoring in biological science. Under the guidance of developmental biology, we have constructed a comprehensive, systematic and dynamic new curriculum system for plant biology. There are still some problems existing in the current curriculum teaching mode, e.g. the students do not listen carefully to the lecture due to single classroom teaching mode, the mismatch between theoretical and experimental courses in terms of content and timing, the incomplete understanding on plants and the difficulty of integrating learning and practicing due to insufficient field practices. In view of these problems, a series of new teaching strategies for bioscience major of Harbin Institute of Technology were proposed and implemented. The combination of lectures and high quality massive open online courses (MOOC) were used for theoretical study, to which the flipped classroom was added. In addition, the theoretical study and the experiment work were combined. Moreover, the plant cognitive practices were carried out in the campus and the botanical garden in early spring, late spring and summer, respectively. Satisfactory results were achieved after two rounds of teaching practice, which fulfilled the education requirements and laid foundations for students to continue follow-up basic and professional courses.