微生物固碳的电子供给策略研究进展

Electron supply strategies for microbial carbon fixation: a review

摘要:

随着生物化工技术的不断发展成熟,通过改造微生物已可以实现二氧化碳、甲烷等温室气体的固定、转化和利用,而电子传递及能量供给对微生物固碳效率起着决定性的作用。本文首先分析了好氧性嗜甲烷菌、化能自养微生物等天然微生物细胞内外的直接、间接电子传递系统。在此基础上,围绕微生物固碳细胞工厂的构建,进一步介绍了基于光能、电能的人工电子供给策略及其对固碳过程中代谢通量、合成路径和供能效率的影响。最后针对微生物固碳的关键共性技术难点,简要展望了可行性的解决方案及相关应用前景。

Abstract:

Given the rapid development of technologies in biochemical engineering and genetic engineering, biological capture, conversion and utilization of greenhouse gases(carbon dioxide and methane) into value-added products have been progressed rapidly. The efficiency of electron transfer and energy supply are essential for microbial carbon fixation. In this review, the concepts of direct and indirect electron transfer chains in methanotrophic and chemoautotrophic microbes were introduced firstly. Subsequently, the strategies of supplying light and electrical energy as well as their effects on metabolic flux, synthetic pathway and energy supply efficiency during microbial carbon fixation were discussed. Finally, solutions and application prospects to address the key technical challenges of microbial carbon fixation were discussed.