三种不同来源的α-葡糖苷酶合成L-抗坏血酸2-葡糖苷的比较

Comparison of three α-glucosidases from different sources in the synthesis of L-ascorbic acid 2-glucoside

摘要:

L-抗坏血酸2-葡糖苷(L-ascorbic acid 2-glucoside,AA-2G)是L-抗坏血酸(L-ascorbic acid,L-AA)的衍生物,相比L-AA,其稳定性极好,并且容易被人体利用。α-葡糖苷酶(alpha glucosidase,AG)是最早发现可以产生AA-2G的酶,但合成效率很低。本研究的目的是通过系统评价来源于黑曲霉、粳稻以及大鼠的AG合成AA-2G的活性,为进一步分子改良提高AG合成AA-2G功能筛选候选AG出发酶。人工合成黑曲霉、粳稻以及大鼠来源的AG基因,构建重组工程菌,表达和纯化3种重组酶(AAG,JrAG,RAG),并对它们产生AA-2G的条件进行优化,在最适反应条件下,比较这3种酶的活力、合成AA-2G的产量和转糖率等。研究结果显示,JrAG的比活力为1.9 U/mg、生成AA-2G的量为2 577.2 mg/L、转糖苷率为7.6%;AAG的比活力为1.0 U/mg、生成AA-2G的量为153.10 mg/L、转糖苷率为0.5%;RAG的比活力为0.4 U/mg、生成AA-2G的量为861.0 mg/L、转糖苷率为2.5%;在这3种来源的AG重组酶中,JrAG的比活力和转糖率最高。JrAG具有较高转麦芽糖合成AA-2G的活性,是进一步分子改良提高合成AA-2G产量的良好出发酶,本研究结果也可为开展AG在AA-2G合成的相关研究提供参考。

关键词:α-葡糖苷酶;L-抗坏血酸2-葡糖苷;酶法合成;麦芽糖;粳稻

Abstract:

L-ascorbic acid 2-glucoside(AA-2G) is a derivative of L-ascorbic acid(L-AA). Compared with L-AA, it has good stability and is easily decomposed by enzyme in the human body. α-Glucosidase(AG) was the first enzyme found capable of producing AA-2G. However, researches on this enzyme is still in infancy. We took AG derived from Aspergillus niger(AAG), Japanese rice(JrAG) and Rattus rattus(RAG), and compared their specific enzymatic activity and transglycosidation rate, with the aim to improve the synthesis of AA-2G by the transglycosidation of AG. The genes encoding these three different AG were cloned and expressed in engineered yeast. The conditions for the transglycosidation reaction of these three enzymes were optimized and the transglycosidation efficiency and yield of AA-2G under the optimized conditions were compared. The specific activity of AAG reached 1.0 U/mg,while the yield of AA-2G reached 153.1 mg/L with a transglycosidation rate of 0.5%. The specific activity of RAG reached 0.4 U/mg, while the yield of AA-2G reached 861.0 mg/L with a transglycosidation rate of 2.5%. JrAG showed the highest specific activity and transglycosidation rate.The enzyme specific activity of JrAG reached 1.9 U/mg, while the yield of AA-2G reached 2 577.2 mg/L with a transglycosidation rate of 7.6%, much higher than that of the other two glucosidases. JrAG may thus have potential to improve the synthesis of AA-2G.

Key words:α-glucosidase;L-ascorbic acid 2-glucoside;enzymatic synthesis;maltose;japonica rice