工业应用导向的蛋白质结构与功能研究进展

Application-oriented structure and function study of proteins: a review

摘要:

在蛋白质工程、绿色生物制造以及合成生物学等研究领域中，对重要催化反应的重塑和合成路径的优化搭建，都依赖于对相关蛋白质结构与功能的深入了解。合成生物技术近年来的飞速发展对关键菌种及生物催化过程中的蛋白质的性能提出了更高要求，相关研究的关键是获得大批量、高纯度目的蛋白，并进行快速、准确的构效关系研究。中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所建所10年来，在工业蛋白质领域进行了多年的积累，成功搭建成了蛋白质结构生物学平台；并在植物天然产物合成相关萜类合成酶、白色污染降解的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene terephthalate, PET)塑料降解酶以及生物质转化利用相关酶等方面获得了一些进展，通过对这些蛋白进行结构和功能的研究，为许多研究工作提供了理论依据。蛋白质结构功能研究相关技术的不断发展，将加速合成生物学的学术和工业应用研究，推动我国生物制造领域的科技创新升级。

Abstract:

Repurpose of key catalytic reaction and reconstruction of metabolic pathways all depend on in-depth understanding of the relevant proteins in protein engineering, green biomanufacturing and synthetic biology. The rapid development of synthetic biotechnology calls for proteins with excellent performance to fulfill the requirement for engineering enzymes and strains. The key is to prepare large quantities of target proteins with high purity, and study the structure-function relationship quickly and accurately. In the past 10 years, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences has built a protein structure-function study platform, and studied many proteins of industrial significance. Progress has been made on the terpene synthase related to natural plant products synthesis , PET plastic degradation related enzyme, and enzymes involved in biomass conversion and utilization. The structure-function study of these proteins provided theoretical basis for further engineering. Development of protein structure-function research technologies will facilitate the research of synthetic biology and promote biomanufacturing.