工业生物技术中DNA合成发展现状及展望

Current status and prospect of DNA synthesis in industrial biotechnology

摘要:

DNA合成是生命科学领域的共性支撑技术和合成生物学的关键使能技术。以合成生物学为基础的工业生物技术持续快速发展，迫切需要更加便捷、经济、安全的DNA来源以满足其日益增长的大规模DNA合成需求。工业化DNA合成在通量、成本、速度等方面的优势日益凸显，有力推动了工业生物技术研发效率的提升和研发成本的下降。但是现有技术在生产过程中还存在着使用大量有机试剂、资源浪费等问题。随着DNA合成规模的持续快速提升，有毒化学品危害、成本负担、环境负担等问题日益突出。本文结合我们的工作实践，对工业生物技术中DNA合成需求、合成策略以及可持续发展面临的问题和解决方案研究进展进行探讨。

Abstract:

DNA synthesis is one of the most basic, widely-used tools in life science as well as a key enabling technology in synthetic biology. The rapid development of industrial biotechnology promoted by synthetic biology is creating an insatiable demand for large-scale DNA synthesis from more convenient, economical and safe sources. Industrial DNA synthesis platforms have remarkable advantages in terms of throughput, cost and speed. The research and development processes of industrial biotechnology benefit from these advantages, achieving a higher efficiency and lower cost. However, challenges in DNA manufacturing process remain, such as the use of large amounts of organic reagents, waste of resources and so on. With the continuous and rapid increase of DNA synthesis scale, the hazard of toxic chemicals, cost burden and environmental burden are becoming prominent. Based on our practical work on DNA synthesis, we discuss the demand and strategies for large-scale DNA synthesis in industrial biotechnology as well as the issues and potential solutions for sustainable development.