工程菌种自动化高通量编辑与筛选研究进展

Advances in automated high-throughput editing and screening of engineered strains

摘要:

合成生物学(synthetic biology)与经典生物学研究的革命性区别之一是合成生物学能将生物实验的对象、方法、技术和流程高度标准化和模块化，创建出自动化与高通量的合成生物铸造模式。该模式通过复杂生物过程与自动化设施的结合，颠覆过往劳动密集型的研究范式，获得更高的技术迭代能力，极大促进了合成生物学的发展和产业化应用。值此天津工业生物技术研究所创立10周年之际，本文回顾了研究所在工业菌种自动化高通量编辑与筛选领域的系列重要工作进展，对基因克隆(gene cloning)、基因组编辑(genome editing)、编辑序列设计(editing sequence design)等生物技术的自动化实现，以及流式细胞、液滴微流控、全基因组规模扰动测序等高通量筛选技术进行了分析讨论，并展望了本领域未来的发展方向。望借此为创建具有自主知识产权的优秀菌种及其产业应用提供智能化、自动化和全链条覆盖的整体支撑能力。

Abstract:

One of the revolutionary features of synthetic biology is that the standardization and modularization of biological experimental objects, methods, technologies and processes can be combined with various software and hardware to forge into an automated high-throughput synthetic biology biofoundry. Disrupting the conventional labor-intensive research paradigm, biofoundry represents a novel research paradigm with highly enhanced technical iteration capabilities, and remarkably promotes the development and industrial applications of synthetic biology. On the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the founding of Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, this review summarized a series of important achievements in the field of automated high-throughput editing and screening of industrial strains. These achievements range from automated editing technologies such as gene cloning, genome editing, and editing sequence design, to high-throughput screening technologies such as fluorescence activated cell sorting, fluorescence activated droplet sorting, and genome-scale gene perturb sequencing. Moreover, we prospected future development of this field, hoping to provide overall support for intelligent, automated and full chain integrated creation of excellent industrial strains with intellectual property rights.