N6-甲基化腺嘌呤RNA甲基化修饰在中枢神经系统中的作用研究进展

Role of N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation in central nervous system: a review

摘要:

mRNA存在多种转录后修饰，这些修饰调控mRNA的稳定和剪接、翻译、转运等多个过程，进而影响细胞发育、机体免疫、学习认知等重要生理功能。其中m⁶A修饰是转录后修饰中最丰富的一种，广泛存在于mRNA中，调控mRNA的代谢活动，影响基因表达。m⁶A修饰的稳态对神经系统的发育和功能维持至关重要。近年研究发现，在神经退行性疾病、精神疾病和脑肿瘤中均存在m⁶A修饰的身影。因此本文对近几年m⁶A甲基化修饰在中枢神经系统发育、功能及相关疾病中的作用进行总结，为神经系统疾病提供潜在的临床治疗靶点。

Abstract:

There are a variety of post-transcriptional modifications in mRNA, which regulate the stability, splicing, translation, transport and other processes of mRNA, followed by affecting cell development, body immunity, learning and cognition and other important physiological functions. m⁶A modification is one of the most abundant post-transcriptional modifications widely existing in mRNA, regulating the metabolic activities of RNA and affecting gene expression. m⁶A modified homeostasis is critical for the development and maintenance of the nervous system. In recent years, m⁶A modification has been found in neurodegenerative diseases, mental diseases and brain tumors. This review summarizes the role of m⁶A methylation modification in the development, function and related diseases of the central nervous system in recent years, providing potential clinical therapeutic targets for neurological diseases.