基于CRISPR的快速灵敏便捷分子检测

CRISPR-based molecular diagnostics: a review

摘要:

快速灵敏检测技术对疾病防控必不可少。特别是新冠疫情暴发以来，人们深刻认识到快速灵敏检测技术的重要性。近年来，以CRISPR/Cas为代表的基因编辑技术带来了生物技术革命性的进步。CRISPR的核酸检测技术因其快速、准确、灵敏、经济等特点，正在引发分子诊断革新，并已被成功应用于传染病、遗传病、肿瘤基因突变诊断，以及食品安全等领域。本文归纳了基于CRISPR的多种核酸检测体系及应用，并对未来CRISPR核酸检测发展趋势及结合人工智能的智能化检测进行了展望。

关键词:分子诊断;核酸检测;临场检测;基因编辑;CRISPR;CRISPR检测

Abstract:

Rapid and accurate detection technologies are crucial for disease prevention and control. In particular, the COVID-19 pandemic has posed a great threat to our society, highlighting the importance of rapid and highly sensitive detection techniques. In recent years, CRISPR/Cas-based gene editing technique has brought revolutionary advances in biotechnology. Due to its fast, accurate, sensitive, and cost-effective characteristics, the CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection technology is revolutionizing molecular diagnosis. CRISPR-based diagnostics has been applied in many fields, such as detection of infectious diseases, genetic diseases, cancer mutation, and food safety. This review summarized the advances in CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection systems and its applications. Perspectives on intelligent diagnostics with CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection and artificial intelligence were also provided.

Key words:molecular detection;nucleic acid detection;point-of-care testing (POCT);gene editing;CRISPR;CRISPR-based detection