病虫害RNAi技术中的外源RNA递送策略

Strategies for exogenous RNA delivery in RNAi-mediated pest management

摘要:

病虫害严重威胁着作物安全生产。近年来，在RNA干扰（RNA interference，RNAi）基础上开发病虫害防控策略的研究得到越来越多的关注。RNAi是真核生物体内的一种基因调控过程，如何将外源RNA有效地递送到靶标生物体内，是病虫害RNAi技术能否成功的关键之一。国内外学者进行了大量研究和实践，探究影响病虫害吸收和传递外源双链RNA （double-stranded RNA，dsRNA）的因素，探索提高dsRNA递送效率的方法，取得了重要的进展。本文对相关研究进行了梳理，简述了影响病虫害对dsRNA吸收和递送的因素，对外源RNA的递送策略进行了综述，讨论了纳米颗粒复合物在dsRNA递送中的应用前景，以期为相关研究提供参考。

Abstract:

Plant diseases and insect pests threaten the safety of crop production greatly. Traditional methods for pest management are challenged by the problems such as environmental pollution, off-target effects, and resistance of pathogens and insects. New biotechnology-based strategies for pest control are expected to be developed. RNA interference (RNAi) is an endogenous process of gene regulation, which has been widely used to study the gene functions in various organisms. In recent years, RNAi-based pest management has received increasing attention. The effective delivery of the exogenous interference RNA into the targets is a key step in RNAi-mediated plant diseases and pest control. Considerable advances were made on the mechanism of RNAi, and various RNA delivery systems were developed for efficient pest control. Here we review the latest advances on mechanisms and influencing factors of RNA delivery, summarize the strategies of exogenous RNA delivery in RNAi-mediated pest control, and highlight the advantages of nanoparticle complexes in dsRNA delivery.