多重耐药寡养单胞菌的基因组学研究进展

Advances in genomics of multi-drug resistant Stenotrophomonas

摘要:

寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas)是一类广泛分布于自然环境中的革兰氏阴性非发酵细菌，环境适应能力较强，尤其具备高度耐受抗生素的能力，被认为是耐药基因(antimicrobial resistance, AMR)传播的“物流转运仓库”。临床上寡养单胞菌检出率逐年提高，且耐受抗生素能力及其种类呈现增加态势。本文围绕寡养单胞菌基因组编码的多样性耐药因子，结合基因组学工具开发、抗生素耐药分子机制的研究进展，针对耐药相关因子所涉及的进化/变异和序列编辑技术展开综述。寡养单胞菌的比较基因组学(comparative genomics)研究，可推动耐药菌高效监测与扩散风险防控、解析微生物适应环境关键机制和设计靶向药物。

关键词:寡养单胞菌;基因组学;多重抗生素耐药;传播风险

Abstract:

Stenotrophomonas species are non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria that are widely distributed in environment and are highly resistant to numerous antibiotics. Thus, Stenotrophomonas serves as a reservoir of genes encoding antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The detection rate of Stenotrophomonas is rapidly increasing alongside their strengthening intrinsic ability to tolerate a variety of clinical antibiotics. This review illustrated the current genomics advances of antibiotic resistant Stenotrophomonas, highlighting the importance of precise identification and sequence editing. In addition, AMR diversity and transferability have been assessed by the developed bioinformatics tools. However, the working models of AMR in Stenotrophomonas are cryptic and urgently required to be determined. Comparative genomics is envisioned to facilitate the prevention and control of AMR, as well as to gain insights into bacterial adaptability and drug development.

Key words:Stenotrophomonas;genomics;multi-drug resistance;transferability risk