生物可降解塑料单体二元羧酸的生物合成研究进展

Recent progress in the biosynthesis of dicarboxylic acids, a monomer of biodegradable plastics

摘要:

塑料是最重要的聚合物材料之一，需求量巨大，但存在处理困难、污染大等缺点。环境友好型的生物可降解塑料有望成为目前塑料的替代品，以满足社会各界对于塑料制品日益增长的需求。二元羧酸是生物可降解塑料中重要的单体之一，可降解性强，应用广泛，并且可以通过全生物法合成。因此，本文重点选取了几种比较有代表性的二元羧酸，总结它们的生物合成途径以及其代谢改造手段，以期为中长链等复杂二元羧酸的生物法合成提供借鉴。

Abstract:

Plastics are one of the most important polymers with huge global demand. However, the downsides of this polymer are that it is difficult to degrade, which causes huge pollution. The environmental-friendly bio-degradable plastics therefore could be an alternative and eventually fulfill the ever-growing demand from every aspect of the society. One of the building blocks of bio-degradable plastics is dicarboxylic acids, which have excellent biodegradability and numerous industrial applications. More importantly, dicarboxylic acid can be biologically synthesized. Herein, this review discusses the recent advance on the biosynthesis routes and metabolic engineering strategies of some of the typical dicarboxylic acids, in hope that it will help to provide inspiration to further efforts on the biosynthesis of dicarboxylic acids.