四乙酰基植物鞘氨醇生物合成的研究进展

Fermentative production of tetraacetyl phytosphingosine: a review

摘要:

四乙酰基植物鞘氨醇(tetraacetyl phytosphingosine, TAPS)是一种性能卓越的天然护肤品原料，经去乙酰化后生成的植物鞘氨醇可作为前体合成保湿护肤品神经酰胺，因此广泛应用于护肤化妆品行业。非常规酵母威克汉姆西弗酵母(Wickerhamomyces ciferrii)是已知的唯一可天然分泌四乙酰基植物鞘氨醇的微生物，目前已成为四乙酰基植物鞘氨醇工业生产的宿主。本文介绍了四乙酰基植物鞘氨醇的发现、功能及其生物合成途径，综述了近年来利用单倍体筛选、诱变育种和代谢工程改造威克汉姆西弗酵母高产四乙酰基植物鞘氨醇的研究进展，并展望了实现四乙酰基植物鞘氨醇工业生产的未来发展方向。

Abstract:

Tetraacetyl phytosphingosine (TAPS) is an excellent raw material for natural skin care products. Its deacetylation leads to the production of phytosphingosine, which can be further used for synthesizing the moisturizing skin care product ceramide. For this reason, TAPS is widely used in the skin care oriented cosmetics industry. The unconventional yeast Wickerhamomyces ciferrii is the only known microorganism that can naturally secrete TAPS, and it has become the host for the industrial production of TAPS. This review firstly introduces the discovery, functions of TAPS, and the metabolic pathway for TAPS biosynthesis is further introduced. Subsequently, the strategies for increasing the TAPS yield of W. ciferrii, including haploid screening, mutagenesis breeding and metabolic engineering, are summarized. In addition, the prospects of TAPS biomanufacturing by W. ciferrii are discussed in light of the current progresses, challenges, and trends in this field. Finally, guidelines for engineering W. ciferrii cell factory using synthetic biology tools for TAPS production are also presented.