圆红冬孢酵母基因编辑及天然产物合成的研究进展

Advances in gene editing and natural product synthesis of Rhodotorula toruloides

摘要:

圆红冬孢酵母(Rhodotorula toruloides)是一种能够天然合成多种类胡萝卜素和油脂的非模式酵母。该菌能够利用各种廉价原料，耐受甚至同化利用多种有毒木质纤维素水解副产物。目前，该酵母被广泛用于微生物油脂、萜烯类化合物、各种高价值酶、糖醇和聚酮化合物的生产研究。鉴于其广阔的工业应用前景，研究人员对其开展了多维度的理论和技术的探索，包括基因组、转录组、蛋白组、遗传操作平台等。本文着重阐述近年来圆红冬孢酵母的代谢工程和天然产物合成的研究进展，并展望其细胞工厂构建中面临的挑战和可能的应对决策。

Abstract:

Rhodotorula toruloides is a non-conventional red yeast that can synthesize various carotenoids and lipids. It can utilize a variety of cost-effective raw materials, tolerate and assimilate toxic inhibitors in lignocellulosic hydrolysate. At present, it is widely investigated for the production of microbial lipids, terpenes, high-value enzymes, sugar alcohols and polyketides. Given its broad industrial application prospects, researchers have carried out multi-dimensional theoretical and technological exploration, including research on genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and genetic operation platform. Here we review the recent progress in metabolic engineering and natural product synthesis of R. toruloides, and prospect the challenges and possible solutions in the construction of R. toruloides cell factory.