酵母表面展示技术应用的最新进展

Advances in the application of yeast surface display technology

摘要:

酵母表面展示(yeast surface display, YSD)技术是一种将外源靶蛋白基因序列与特定的载体基因序列融合后导入酵母细胞，利用酵母细胞内蛋白转运机制将靶蛋白表达并定位于酵母细胞表面的技术，最常用的是α-凝集素表达系统。酵母细胞具有真核细胞翻译后修饰机制，能够帮助目的蛋白正确折叠，可以用来展示各种真核蛋白，包括抗体、受体、酶和抗原肽等。酵母表面展示技术已成为生物技术和生物医学领域的强大蛋白质工程工具，结合流式细胞分选可用于改善蛋白质性质，包括亲和力、特异性、酶功能和稳定性等。本文从文库构建与筛选、抗体工程、蛋白质工程、酶工程和疫苗开发等方面对酵母表面展示技术应用最新进展进行了综述。

Abstract:

Yeast surface display (YSD) is a technology that fuses the exogenous target protein gene sequence with a specific vector gene sequence, followed by introduction into yeast cells. Subsequently, the target protein is expressed and localized on the yeast cell surface by using the intracellular protein transport mechanism of yeast cells, whereas the most widely used YSD system is the α-agglutinin expression system. Yeast cells possess the eukaryotic post-translational modification mechanism, which helps the target protein fold correctly. This mechanism could be used to display various eukaryotic proteins, including antibodies, receptors, enzymes, and antigenic peptides. YSD has become a powerful protein engineering tool in biotechnology and biomedicine, and has been used to improve a broad range of protein properties including affinity, specificity, enzymatic function, and stability. This review summarized recent advances in the application of YSD technology from the aspects of library construction and screening, antibody engineering, protein engineering, enzyme engineering and vaccine development.