蛋白质动态平衡网络维稳机制的研究进展

Advances of proteostasis network and its stability maintenance mechanism

摘要:

蛋白质是构成生命体的基础，其在体内有多种存在形式，而这些形式之间如何维持动态平衡对细胞发挥正常功能来说至关重要。诸多因素会影响蛋白质稳态，包括一些内外源性的刺激、翻译过程中出现的问题以及一些调控因子的作用等。当错误折叠的蛋白在细胞中不断积累时，会导致蛋白质稳态失衡并无法发挥正常功能进而引发相关疾病。同时在错误发生后，机体的许多“监控”就会感知这些异常，并通过多种途径来帮助蛋白质维持稳态。本文旨在综述蛋白质动态平衡网络之间错综复杂的关系，以及各种因素在其中发挥的主要作用，并为一些由蛋白合成异常导致疾病的研究等提供新的思路。

Abstract:

Protein is fundamental to life, as it generates protein variants. The maintenance of a dynamic equilibrium in these protein variants, known as protein homeostasis, is crucial for cellular function. Various factors, both endogenous and exogenous, can disrupt protein homeostasis during protein synthesis. These factors include translational error, and biological functions mediated by regulatory factors, and more. When cell accumulate proteins with folding errors, it impairs protein homeostasis, leading to the development of related diseases. In response to protein folding errors, multiple monitoring mechanisms are activated to mediate pathways that sustain the dynamic equilibrium. This review highlights the complex relationships within the proteostasis network, which are influenced by a variety of factors. These insights potentially provide new directions for studying diseases caused by protein synthesis errors.