粪菌移植治疗神经系统疾病的研究进展

Advances in the application of fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of nervous system diseases

摘要:

肠道微生物与中枢神经系统的功能密切相关，可通过神经途径、免疫途径及微生物代谢物等在肠-脑轴作用下影响宿主大脑。肠道微生物失调与抑郁症、阿尔兹海默症、帕金森病等神经系统疾病的发生发展密切相关，并且粪菌移植可以改善神经系统疾病动物模型或临床患者的症状。本文对人体肠道菌群的组成、功能以及菌群通过肠-脑轴与神经系统疾病的联系进行综述，并对粪菌移植在治疗神经系统疾病的研究进展和作用机制进行探讨，为临床治疗神经疾病提供了新思路。

Abstract:

The intestinal microbiota exhibits a strong correlation with the function of the central nervous system, exerting influence on the host brain through neural pathways, immune pathways, and microbial metabolites along the gut-brain axis. Disorders in the composition of the intestinal microbial are closely associated with the onset and progression of neurological disorders, such as depression, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. It has been proven that fecal microbiota transplantation can improve symptoms in animal models of neurological diseases and clinical patients. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the composition and function of the human intestinal microbiota, as well as the intricate the relationship between the human intestinal microbiota and nervous system diseases through the gut-brain axis. Additionally, it delves into the research advancements and underlying mechanism of fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of nervous system diseases. These findings offer novel insights and potential avenues for clinical interventions targeting nervous system diseases.