水溶性维生素的生物合成

Biosynthesis of water-soluble vitamins

摘要:

维生素是维持生物体正常生理功能所必需的一类有机物质，大部分维生素无法由人体合成，少部分维生素只能有限地合成，无法满足自身需求，因而需要通过摄入含维生素的食物或药品来满足自身需要。近年来，维生素被广泛应用于医药、食品或饲料添加剂、化妆品等行业中，人们对维生素的需求也不断增加。维生素的合成方法可分为化学合成法与生物合成法两大类，相较于化学法，生物法合成维生素具有环境友好、安全性高、成本低廉等优势，因此研究生物合成维生素的方法具有一定应用价值。本文综述了近年来水溶性维生素生产领域中生物合成法的研究进展，总结了水溶性维生素(B族维生素、维生素C)生物合成的研究成果，并对生物合成水溶性维生素的发展进行了展望。

关键词:水溶性维生素;生物合成;合成生物学;代谢工程;新质生产力

Abstract:

Vitamins are a class of organic substances essential for maintaining the normal physiological function of organisms. Most vitamins cannot be synthesized by the human body, and a small number of vitamins can only be synthesized in a limited manner, which cannot meet the body needs. Therefore, people need to take food or drugs containing vitamins to meet the body needs. Nowadays, vitamins are widely used in medicine, food or feed additives, cosmetics and other industries, and the demand for vitamins is growing. Vitamins are mainly produced by chemical synthesis and biosynthesis. Compared with chemical synthesis, biosynthesis of vitamins is praised for the environmental friendliness, high safety, and low costs. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the biosynthesis methods of vitamins. This paper reviews the research progress in the methods and summarizes the research results in the biosynthesis of water-soluble vitamins (B vitamins and vitamin C) in recent years and then makes an outlook on the future development in this field.

Key words:water-soluble vitamins;biosynthesis;synthetic biology;metabolic engineering;new quality productive forces