微生物全细胞传感器在芳香族化合物检测中的研究进展

Advances in microbial whole-cell sensors for the detection of aromatic compounds

摘要:

芳香族化合物含有的苯环结构稳定性高、难以降解，因此环境中的芳香族化合物不仅对生态环境构成威胁，也严重影响人类健康。开发一种便捷有效的芳香族化合物检测方法至关重要。随着对芳香族化合物特性的深入理解，基于微生物细胞开发的生物传感器在芳香族化合物检测方面展现出越来越重要的作用。本文综述了微生物全细胞传感器的工作原理，概述了电活性生物被膜型、转录因子型和依赖于降解基因启动子这3类芳香族化合物全细胞传感器的构建方法和应用，并探讨了基于表面展示技术、逻辑门构建、基因回路改造、群体感应信号放大等手段进一步提高传感器性能的优化策略。

Abstract:

The inherent stability and recalcitrance of benzene ring structures render aromatic compounds a major ecological concern and a substantial risk to human health. Hence, developing a facile and efficacious detection technique for aromatic compounds is essential. As our comprehension of aromatic compound characteristics deepens, microbial cell-based biosensors have emerged as increasingly popular tools in the detection of aromatic compounds. This article introduces the operational principles of microbial whole-cell biosensors and elucidates the construction techniques and applications of electroactive biofilm-based microbial whole-cell sensors, transcription factor-based microbial whole-cell sensors, and degradation gene promoter-dependent microbial whole-cell sensors in the detection of aromatic compounds. In addition, we review the methodologies for improving the performance of microbial whole-cell sensors based on surface display, logic gate construction, genetic circuit modification, and quorum sensing signal amplification.