植物黄嘌呤脱氢酶参与代谢途径及其功能研究进展

Research advances on the metabolic pathways and functions mediated by plant xanthine dehydrogenase

摘要:

黄嘌呤脱氢酶(xanthine dehydrogenase,XDH)是一种含钼氧化还原酶，属于钼羟化酶黄蛋白家族，广泛存在于真核生物、细菌和古细菌中。XDH可以催化黄嘌呤和次黄嘌呤生成尿酸，经一系列反应形成尿囊素和尿囊酸。植物中的XDH在嘌呤代谢、氮代谢、激素代谢、活性氧代谢、生物胁迫和非生物胁迫等代谢过程中发挥着重要作用。本文对植物XDH的结构特征、代谢途径、基因家族生物学功能等方面进行了综述，总结了植物嘌呤代谢的分子机制，并对XDH应用前景进行了展望，为作物的生长发育和抗逆性研究提供了参考。

Abstract:

The xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), a molybdenum-containing oxidoreductase belonging to the molybdenum hydroxylase flavoprotein family, has been identified in a variety of eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea. XDH catalyzes the conversion of xanthine and hypoxanthine to uric acid, which then undergoes further reactions to form allantoin and allantoic acid. Studies have shown that XDH plays a role in various metabolic processes, including purine metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, hormone metabolism, reactive oxygen species metabolism, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we introduced the structural features, metabolic pathways, and biological functions of XDH. In addition, we summarized the research progress in XDH to give insights into the molecular mechanism of purine metabolism in plants and prospected the application of XDH, with the aim to facilitate future research on the growth, development, and stress resistance of crops.