微囊化干细胞及其应用研究进展

Progress in microencapsulation of stem cells

摘要:

干细胞极强的自我更新能力和多向分化潜能使其可以成为绝佳的种子细胞来源，用于各种疑难疾病的治疗。微胶囊不仅可以为细胞提供三维生长微环境，而且具有良好的免疫隔离性能和生物相容性。微囊化干细胞技术为干细胞大规模、高活性体外培养及长期保存提供了新的技术支持，为细胞移植疗法开辟了新途径。以下首先简述了微囊化技术的发展情况，然后介绍了目前用于微囊化干细胞的材料、制备方法及其免疫隔离作用，重点阐述了近年来微囊化各种不同类型干细胞的研究和应用进展。最后，提出目前微胶囊化干细胞的问题所在并对此技术进行展望。

Abstract:

For the regenerative therapy of refractory diseases, stem cells have become an excellent source of seed cells due to their strong self-renewal and multi-differentiation abilities. Microcapsules can provide a three-dimensional growth environment with a good immunoisolation and biocompatibility for cells, and the microencapsulation of stem cells provides a new technical support for large-scale cell culture with high activities in vitro and long-term preservation, consequently opening up a new alternative for cell transplantation. In this review, we first outlined the development of microencapsulation, then introduced the present materials and methods for the microencapsulation of stem cells and its immunoisolation, and discussed the progress in microencapsulation technology, various types of stem cell used in recent years in details. Finally, we addressed perspectives of stem cell microencapsulation technology.