光化合反应生物酶系统启动下厌氧-缺氧-好氧工艺活性污泥微生物群落结构响应

Effect of microbial community structure of activated sludge in an Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process with Actinic reaction enzyme systenm start-up

摘要:

为探究光化合反应生物酶系统 (Actinic reaction enzyme system，ARES) 启动下厌氧-缺氧-好氧工艺(Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic，A2/O) 系统中活性污泥微生物群落和功能，了解ARES系统在生活污水处理过程中的影响，采用Illumina-HiSeq 2000高通量测序平台研究ARES启动前后A2/O工艺系统中活性污泥微生物群落结构的演替，并结合污水处理效果相关主要参数，进而解析菌群的环境功能。研究发现，ARES系统启动前后活性污泥微生物群落结构具有明显差异。系统中丰富类群 (平均相对丰度≥1%) 的细菌门类主要有9个，占整体测序细菌总量的96%–98%。ARES系统启动后，变形菌门的b-变形菌门 (Betaproteobacteria) 相对丰度提高3.45%–3.85%，绿菌门 (Chlorobi) 相对丰度提高0.45%–2.61%，在厌氧单元，拟杆菌门 (Bacteroidetes) 相对丰度提高12.97%，而放线菌门 (Actinobacteria) 和厚壁菌门 (Firmicutes) 的相对丰度分别下降了9.60%和1.45%；细菌属水平上，Denitratisoma属相对丰度提高0.80%–3.27%，Haliangium属和弓形杆菌属 (Arcobacter) 相对丰度分别下降3.36%–4.52%、1.48%–3.45%，ARES启动前后细菌相对丰度差异显著。系统中丰富类群 (平均相对丰度≥1%) 的真菌门主要有7个，在ARES系统启动后罗兹菌门 (Rozellomycota) 相对丰度下降42.71%–46.77%，在厌氧单元子囊菌门 (Ascomycota) 相对丰度下降13.39%，而球囊菌门 (Glomeromycota) 相对丰度提高13.86%；真菌属水平，虫霉菌属 (Entomophthoraceae sp.) 和球囊菌属(Glomeromycota sp.)相对丰度分别提高31.35%–36.50%、6.27%–13.84%，而罗兹菌属 (Rozellomycota sp.) 和Xylochrysis lucida相对丰度显著降低，分别下降42.71%–46.77%、3.67%–5.54%。结果表明，ARES系统的启动引起了微生物群落对工艺条件改变的响应，特别是真菌群落的响应，同时提升了出水水质，尤其是对总氮的去除。

Abstract:

In order to explore the microbial communities and functions of activated sludge in an Anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (A2/O) process under the start-up of Actinic reaction enzyme system (ARES) system and to understand the impact of the ARES system in domestic sewage treatment process, the activated sludge microbial community structure in the A2/O process system before and after ARES system start-up was analyzed by Illumina-HiSeq 2000 high-throughput sequencing platform. By combining with the main parameters related to the effect of sewage treatment, we analyzed the environmental functions of the microbial communities. The microbial community structure of activated sludge was significantly different before and after the ARES system start-up. There were 9 main bacterial phyla in the system (average relative abundance ≥1%), accounting for 96%–98% of the total bacteria sequenced. After the ARES system was started, the relative abundance of Betaproteobacteria and Chlorobi increased by 3.45%–3.85% and 0.45%–2.61%, respectively. In the anaerobic unit, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes increased by 12.97%, while the Actinobacteria and Firmicutes decreased by 9.60% and 1.45%, respectively. At the genus level of bacteria, the relative abundance of Denitratisoma increased by 0.80%–3.27%, while the Haliangium and Arcobacter decreased by 3.36%–4.52% and 1.48%–3.45%, respectively. The relative abundance of bacteria was significantly different before and after the ARES system start-up. There were 7 abundant fungi phyla (average relative abundance ≥1%) in the system. After the ARES system was started, the relative abundance of Rozellomycota decreased by 42.71%–46.77%. In the anaerobic unit, the relative abundance of Ascomycota decreased by 13.39%, while the relative abundance of Glomeromycota increased by 13.86%. At the genus level of fungi. The relative abundance of Entomophthoraceae sp. and Glomcromycota sp. increased by 31.35%–36.50% and 6.27%–13.84%, respectively, while the Rozellomycota sp. and Xylochrysis lucida decreased by 42.71%–46.77% and 3.67%–5.54%, respectively. Our results showed that the application of ARES system caused the response of the microbial community to environmental changes, especially for the fungi communities, in the meanwhile, improved the effluent quality, especially the removal rate of total nitrogen.