新型angucycline/angucyclinone类天然产物的研究进展 (2010–2020)

Novel angucycline/angucyclinone family of natural products discovered between 2010 and 2020

摘要:

Angucycline/angucyclinone类天然产物是Ⅱ型聚酮类化合物中一个庞大的家族，其产生菌广泛存在于自然界中。由于这类化合物具有丰富的生物活性和独特的化学结构，吸引了众多科学家的浓厚兴趣。随着合成生物学的发展和特殊环境来源放线菌资源的开发，不断有新骨架的angucycline/angucyclinone类天然产物被发现，极大地丰富了这一家族天然产物的结构多样性。本文对2010–2020年期间，利用改变培养条件、基因改造、基因组挖掘、活性导向、特殊环境来源放线菌培养等不同策略从放线菌中所发现的新型angucycline/angucyclinone类化合物进行综述，并对合成生物学方法在这类化合物的发现和开发中的作用进行了讨论。

关键词:angucycline/angucyclinone，培养条件，基因改造，基因组挖掘，活性导向，特殊环境来源放线菌

Abstract:

Angucyclines/angucyclinones are a large group of polycyclic aromatic polyketides and their producers are widely distributed in nature. This family of natural products attracts great attention because of their diverse biological activities and unique chemical structures. With the development of synthetic biology and the exploitation of the actinomycetes from previously unexplored environments, angucyclines/angucyclinones-like natural products with new skeletons were continuously discovered, thus enriching the structural diversity of this family. In this review we summarize the new angucyclines/angucyclinones analogues discovered in the last decade (2010–2020) by using different strategies, such as changing cultivation conditions, genetic modification, genome mining, bioactivity-guided compound isolation, and fermentation of actinomycetes from underexplored environments. We also discuss the role of synthetic biology in the discovery and development of new compounds of the angucycline/angucyclinone family.

Key words:angucycline/angucyclinone, cultivation conditions, genetic modification, genome mining, bioactivity-guided discovery, actinomycetes from previously unexplored environments