人体特征的头发代谢组学及蛋白质组学研究进展

Distinguishing human characteristics based on hair metabolomics and proteomics: a review

摘要:

人类头发是以角蛋白和角蛋白相关蛋白为主要成分的天然纤维，是一种可表征一定时间内机体状态的良好生物学样本。头发易采集、低成本、易于运输和存储等优点使其在毒品、酒精及兴奋剂等的检测中具有独特优势。蛋白质组学是一种在整体水平上研究蛋白表达和调控的新兴技术，在生命科学领域应用广泛。蛋白质组学技术可用于不同人群头发蛋白组成及动态变化研究，在寻找疾病标志物、区分个人特质等方面具有巨大潜力。本文从头发的结构及组成、心理压力下头发的变化以及头发蛋白质组学分析技术的研究进展进行了全面综述，对理解头发蛋白质组学表征人体特征以及指导相关研究具有重要意义。

Abstract:

Human hair, a kind of natural fiber mainly composed of keratin and keratin-associated proteins, is a good biological sample that can be used to characterize the status of the body in a certain period of time. It is of highly importance in the detection of drugs, alcohol and stimulants because of the advantages of low cost, easy collection, easy transportation and storage. Proteomics is an emerging technology widely used in the field of life sciences to study protein expression and regulation at the holistic level. Investigating the composition and dynamic changes of hair proteins in different populations would have great potential in finding disease markers and distinguishing personal traits. In this paper, the structure and composition of hair, the changes of hair composition under psychological stress, and the research progress of hair proteomics were comprehensively reviewed. This will help using hair proteomics to identify body characteristics.