植物天然产物微生物重组合成研究进展

Advances in microbial synthesis of plant natural products

摘要:

植物天然产物是小分子药物、营养品、化妆品、香精香料等的主要来源之一，在国民经济中发挥重要的作用。目前植物天然产物主要依赖于植物提取，这种生产方式占用耕地、生长周期长，而且植物活性成分往往含量低、生产成本高。通过解析植物天然产物生物合成途径，在微生物细胞中重构，创建细胞工厂，实现利用可再生原料发酵合成，为植物天然产物的供给提供了新的路线。本文重点介绍了中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所在萜类、黄酮类、苯丙素类等重要类型植物天然产物微生物重组合成方面的研究进展，简要探讨了当前研究面临的挑战及未来前景。

Abstract:

Plant natural products are one of the main sources of small molecule drugs, nutraceuticals, cosmetics and fragrances, and play an important role in economy development. At present, the way of obtaining plant natural products mainly depends on direct extraction from plants, which is farm land occupying and time consuming. The contents of active ingredients in plants are usually low, and thus the production cost is high. By elucidating the biosynthetic pathways and reconstructing the pathways in microbial cells, plant natural products can be produced by fermentation using renewable raw materials. Microbial biosynthesis provides a new route for the supply of plant natural products. This review summarizes the research progress of microbial synthesis of terpenoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids and other important natural products of plants in Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Current research challenges and future prospects are also briefly discussed.