植物响应非生物胁迫的DNA甲基化调控的研究进展

Research progress in DNA methylation regulation of plants in response to abiotic stresses

摘要:

非生物胁迫主要包括低温、干旱和盐胁迫等，严重影响植物的生长发育。作为一种经典的表观遗传修饰途径，DNA甲基化能够调控基因表达，并在植物响应非生物胁迫的过程中发挥重要作用。本文系统综述了植物DNA甲基化修饰、RNA介导的DNA甲基化(RNA-directed DNA methylation, RdDM)途径和DNA去甲基化调控。结合本课题组前期的研究，讨论分析了植物响应非生物胁迫的DNA甲基化调控机制及DNA甲基化变异的跨代遗传。此外，还介绍了结合基因编辑技术的表观遗传调控研究在生物工程领域的应用，为利用表观遗传变异进行作物精准育种提供了研究思路。

Abstract:

Abiotic stresses mainly include cold, drought, and salt stress, seriously affecting plant growth and development. As a classic epigenetic modification pathway, DNA methylation can regulate gene expression, playing an important role in plant responses to abiotic stresses. The paper systematically reviewed DNA methylation, RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM), and DNA demethylation regulation. On the basis of our previous study, we discussed and analyzed DNA methylation mechanisms of plants in response to abiotic stresses and transgenerational inheritance of DNA methylation variations. In addition, this paper introduced the application of epigenetic regulation combined with gene editing in the field of biotechnology, aiming to provide new research ideas for the precision breeding of crops by using epigenetic variations.