改性生物炭吸附废水中重金属离子的研究进展

Research progress in the adsorption of heavy metal ions from wastewater by modified biochar

摘要:

随着现代工业的发展，重金属水污染日益严重，对水生生态环境和人类健康构成潜在威胁。生物炭作为一种高效、低成本的吸附剂，对重金属离子有一定的吸附能力，经过改性后其吸附能力显著增强，合理利用生物炭能有效缓解环境污染问题。本文综述了生物炭的改性方法，对比了物理改性、生物改性和化学改性等不同改性方法的优缺点，分析了改性生物炭对重金属离子吸附能力的影响，总结了生物炭的改性机理。在此基础上，指出了未来生物炭在共存污染物问题的研究方向，为生物炭在重金属废水净化领域的应用提供了重要参考。

Abstract:

The rapid development of modern industries is accompanied with the aggravating water heavy metal pollution, which poses a potential threat to the aquatic environment and the health of local populations. As an efficient and economical adsorbent, biochar demonstrates the adsorption capacity for heavy metal ions and its adsorption capacity is significantly enhanced after modification. Therefore, biochar can effectively mitigate environmental pollution. By reviewing the existing studies, we summarize the modification methods of biochar, compare the advantages and disadvantages of physical, biological, and chemical modification methods, analyze the effects of modification on the adsorption capacity of biochar for heavy metal ions, and expound the modification mechanism of biochar. On this basis, this article puts forward the future research directions of the application of biochar in treating coexisting pollutants, aiming to provide a reference for the application of biochar in the purification of heavy metal-containing wastewater.