药品与个人护理品生物降解研究进展

Advances in biodegradation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products

摘要:

药品与个人护理品 (Pharmaceuticals and personal care products, PPCPs) 包括各种处方药和非处方药 (如各类抗生素、人工合成麝香、止痛药、降压药、避孕药、催眠药和减肥药等) 与个人护理用品 (如化妆品、香料、遮光剂、发胶、染发剂和杀菌剂等)。作为一类新兴环境微污染物，PPCPs因具有潜在的环境毒理学效应和人体健康风险逐渐受到人们的广泛关注。有关PPCPs的生物降解研究已展开了大量的工作并取得了较大进展。文中总结概括了目前国内外PPCPs生物降解方法、功能菌种类、PPCPs的生物降解特性及产物组成与降解途径等，分析了PPCPs微生物降解机理，并对PPCPs生物降解的研究方向进行了展望。

Abstract:

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are a group of emerging environmental micropollutants, including prescription drugs and over-the-counter drugs (e.g., antibiotics, synthetic musk, painkiller, depressor, contraceptive drugs, soporific and weight-loss drug), and personal care products (e.g., cosmetics, synthetic perfume, sunscreen, hair spray, tint and fungicide). Extensive attention has been paid to PPCPs because of their potential negative effects on the environments and human health. Abundant researches have focused on the biodegradation of PPCPs. This review summarizes and discusses the biodegradation method, the diversity of PPCPs-degrading microorganisms, the degradation ability, metabolites and proposed pathways as well as the mechanisms of PPCPs’ biodegradation. In addition, prospects for further research on biodegradation of PPCPs are also discussed.