免疫代谢物衣康酸对不同疾病调控作用及其作用机制研究进展

Advancements in the regulatory effects and mechanisms of the immune metabolite itaconate in diseases

摘要:

衣康酸(itaconate)是免疫细胞三羧酸(tricarboxylic acid,TCA)循环的一种重要中间代谢物，由免疫应答基因1 (immune response gene 1, IRG1)编码的乌头酸脱羧酶1 (aconitate decarboxylase1, ACOD1)催化顺乌头酸脱羧产生，其通过调控炎症、重塑细胞代谢和参与遗传调控等方式在不同疾病中发挥重要调控作用。本文综述了衣康酸的结构、对不同疾病调控作用及其作用机制为衣康酸相关药物的研发提供理论依据。

Abstract:

Itaconate is a pivotal intermediate metabolite in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle of immune cells. It is produced by decarboxylation of cis-aconitic acid under the catalysis of aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1), which is encoded by the immune response gene 1 (IRG1). Itaconate has become a focal point of research on immunometabolism. Studies have demonstrated that itaconate plays a crucial role in diseases by regulating inflammation, remodeling cell metabolism, and participating in epigenetic regulation. This paper reviewed the research progress in itaconnate from its chemical structure, regulatory effects on different diseases, and mechanisms, proposes the future research directions, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the development of itaconate-related drugs.