多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌的噬菌体治疗

Phage therapy for multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

摘要:

鲍曼不动杆菌是一种在医院环境中广泛存在的革兰氏阴性条件致病菌，它能够长期存活并引发包括肺炎、败血症、尿路感染和脑膜炎等在内的多种感染。该菌株具有广泛的耐药性，尤其对碳青霉烯类和多黏菌素等关键抗生素产生抗性，这对重症患者的康复构成了严重威胁。目前，耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌已被世界卫生组织列为抗生素耐药菌优先级研发清单中的“最高优先级”，成为全球公共卫生领域亟待解决的关键问题之一。噬菌体能够特异性感染并裂解细菌，作为一种新兴的生物防治手段，在对抗鲍曼不动杆菌感染方面显示出巨大潜力。本文结合国内鲍曼不动杆菌流行趋势，重点探讨了噬菌体及噬菌体衍生酶在对抗多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌方面的应用与潜力，为耐药菌感染的噬菌体治疗提供了新的思路和策略。

Abstract:

Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen widely distributed in hospital settings. It can survive for a long time and cause a variety of infections, including pneumonia, septicemia, urinary tract infections, and meningitis. The bacterium demonstrates extensive resistance, particularly to critical antibiotics like carbapenems and polymyxins, posing a serious threat to the recovery of severely ill patients. Carbapenem-resistant A.baumannii has been designated as a pathogen of critical priority on the World Health Organization (WHO) Bacterial Pathogen Priority List, requiring urgent development of new therapeutic agents. Phages, as a novel biological control approach, exhibit substantial potential in combating A.baumannii infections due to their specific ability to infect and lyse bacteria. This review highlights the application and potential of phages and phage-derived enzymes against multidrug-resistant A. baumannii, considering the epidemiological trends of A.baumannii in China, with the aim of providing innovative insights and strategies for phage therapy of drug-resistant bacterial infections.