基于肠道菌群健康指数的膳食因子评估方法开发

Development of a dietary factor evaluation method based on the gut microbiota health index

摘要:

肠道菌群与人体健康密切相关，目前已有多种肠道菌群健康指数，以辅助评价肠道菌群乃至人体健康。膳食是调节肠道菌群的主要因素之一，但尚无合适的方法用于评价膳食因子调节效果。为了评估膳食因子对超重人群肠道菌群的调控效果，基于17种膳食因子进行了体外发酵实验，并使用基于主成分分析的肠道菌群健康指数(health index with principal component analysis, hiPCA)构建了膳食因子调控效果评估方法。结果表明，大部分的膳食因子对超重人群肠道菌群具有较好的调节效果。此外，发现低聚半乳糖和葛根多糖是调节超重人群肠道菌群效果最为显著的膳食因子。通过物种对肠道菌群健康指数的贡献分析，发现低聚半乳糖和葛根多糖可能通过调控长真杆菌(Eubacterium dolichum)、唾液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus salivarius)、梭状梭菌(Clostridium clostridioforme)、Clostridium citroniae和毛螺菌科细菌(Lachnospiraceae bacterium) 9_1_43BFAA来抑制与超重相关的细菌活动。此外，低聚半乳糖还可能通过调节毛螺菌科细菌(Lachnospiraceae bacterium) 6_1_63FAA，进一步加强对这些活动的抑制作用，进而降低超重人群的肠道健康风险。本研究基于肠道菌群健康指数对膳食因子进行菌群健康评价，并基于模型具体解析不同膳食因子在调节超重人群肠道菌群的作用，为改善人群肠道菌群健康提供了新的思路和方法，在精准营养领域具有潜在应用前景。

Abstract:

The gut microbiota is closely related to human health, and various gut microbiota health indices have been developed to assist in evaluating the health of the gut microbiota and even the overall health of the human body. Diets are one of the main factors that regulate the gut microbiota, while there is still no good method for evaluating the regulatory effects of dietary factors. To assess the regulatory effects of dietary factors on the gut microbiota of overweight individuals, we conducted an in vitro fermentation experiment based on 17 dietary factors, and developed an evaluation method for the regulatory effects of dietary factors based on the health index with principal component analysis (hiPCA). The results showed that most dietary factors had positive regulatory effects on the gut microbiota of overweight individuals. Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and puerarin were the most significant dietary factors in regulating the gut microbiota of overweight individuals. The analysis of the contribution of species to the hiPCA indicated that GOS and puerarin might inhibit the activities of bacteria associated with overweight by regulating Eubacterium dolichum, Lactobacillus salivarius, Clostridium clostridioforme, Clostridium citroniae, and Lachnospiraceae bacterium 9_1_43BFAA. In addition, GOS may further enhance the inhibition of these activities by regulating Lachnospiraceae bacterium 6_1_63FAA, thereby reducing the gut health risks in overweight individuals. In summary, this study evaluated the health effects of dietary factors based on the hiPCA and specifically analyzed the role of different dietary factors in regulating the gut microbiota of overweight individuals. This provides new ideas and methods for improving gut microbiota health and has potential applications in the field of precision nutrition.